输尿管狭窄是一种常见的泌尿系统疾病，其多为继发性病变并对患者的生活质量造成严重影响。高迁移率族蛋白1（high mobility group box 1，HMGB1）是一种高度保守和广泛表达的核蛋白，被认为参与细胞增殖、分化等一系列生物学过程。近年有研究发现HMGB1在输尿管狭窄的发生与发展中起到重要作用。本文对HMGB1在继发性输尿管狭窄中的作用机制、相关HMGB1抑制剂对术后输尿管狭窄防治研究的进展作一综述，旨在为治疗继发性输尿管狭窄提供新思路。

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高迁移率族蛋白1（high mobility group box 1，HMGB1）是一种广泛存在的DNA结合蛋白，主要参与调控细胞水平的基因转录过程。有研究表明，输尿管结石梗阻及相关手术所致的输尿管炎症持续加重会进一步导致输尿管纤维化，并最终进展为输尿管狭窄^[1]。同时，此类患者的输尿管上皮细胞HMGB1水平较对照组明显升高[2]。基于此，本文就HMGB1在继发性输尿管纤维化病情发展过程中的作用机理作详细综述，并进一步讨论HMGB1抑制剂治疗继发性输尿管狭窄的可行性，旨在为继发性输尿管狭窄的防治提供新思路及理论依据。

1 HMGB1 的研究现状

1.1 HMGB1的生物学作用

1.2 HMGB1 抑制剂及抗HMGB1抗体

2 输尿管狭窄

2.1 输尿管狭窄概述

2.2 继发性输尿管狭窄病因

3 HMGB1 与继发性输尿管狭窄

3.1 HMGB1与继发性输尿管狭窄相关性

3.2 HMGB1在继发性输尿管狭窄防治中的临床前景

4 总结与展望

综上所述，HMGB1与继发性输尿管狭窄的发生和发展存在着密切联系。深入理解HMGB1的生物学功能对于揭示继发性输尿管狭窄的发病机制至关重要，而应用HMGB1抑制剂和抗HMGB1抗体在预防和治疗该病方面提供了新的策略。然而，目前关于HMGB1在继发性输尿管狭窄中的研究仍然处于初级阶段，未来需通过高质量的临床试验来进一步验证其疗效和安全性。

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