摘要：肾细胞癌 （renal cell carcinoma, RCC） 是泌尿系统常见恶性肿瘤，早期或局限性 RCC可通过手术获得治愈， 对于晚期或转移性 RCC，靶向和免疫检查点抑制剂治疗可提高部分患者总生存率，但总体预后仍不佳。近年发现长链 非编码 RNA （long non-coding RNAs，lncRNAs） 可能成为临床诊断和治疗 RCC新靶标，本文就 lncRNAs在 RCC 中的研究进展作一综述。

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郑盛锋,吴潇芸,付伟金. 长链非编码RNA在肾细胞癌中的研究进展[J]. 泌尿外科杂志（电子版）,2021,13(3):94-97. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-7410.2021.03.023.

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肾细胞癌 （renal cell carcinoma，RCC） 是泌 尿系统常见的恶性肿瘤，占恶性肿瘤的3%。2021年， 美国预计 RCC新发病患者 76 080例，预计病死患者 13 780 例[1] 。早期或局限性 RCC 可通过根治性肾切 除术治愈，但约 1/3的患者在就诊时已进入晚期或发 生转移[2] 。由于晚期 RCC对放化疗均不敏感，靶向治 疗如索拉非尼等[3-4] ，或免疫治疗如纳武单抗等[5-6] 成 为主要治疗手段，虽然提高了部分患者总生存率 （overall survival，OS） 和无进展生存期 （progress free survival，PFS），但容易产生耐药，副作用大， 限制了其在临床中的应用。近年发现，长链非编码 RNA （long non- coding RNAs， lncRNAs） 在 RCC 的发生发展过程中发挥重要调控作用，可能成 为临床诊断和治疗 RCC新靶标，本文就 lncRNAs在 RCC中的研究进展作一综述。

1 lncRNAs 概述

2 lncRNAs 在 RCC 中的作用
    2.1 lncRNAs在 RCC细胞功能中的作用
        2.1.1 lncRNAs 调控 RCC 细胞增殖
        2.1.2 lncRNAs 促进 RCC 细胞转移
        2.1.3 lncRNAs与 RCC耐药
    2.2 lncRNAs作为 RCC的生物分子标志物
        2.2.1 lncRNAs作为 RCC的诊断分子标志物
        2.2.2 lncRNAs 作为评估 RCC 预后的分子标志物

3 小结与展望

3 小结与展望 

lncRNAs在 RCC 的发生发展过程中可能发挥复 杂的调控作用，阐明 lncRNAs的分子调控机制，对 明确 RCC 发生发展的机制，以及开发新的诊断和治 疗靶标具有重要意义。相关研究证实，lncRNAs 介 导 miRNA 靶向调控目的基因表达，是其调控 RCC 的重要分子机制，可作为一个重要的研究方向。目 前对 lncRNAs的研究尚处于起步阶段，且大多数为 基础研究，要将 lncRNAs应用于 RCC临床诊断和治 疗，仍需更大规模的实验研究和临床试验。

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